The Pauli exclusion principle is a cornerstone of the Standard Model of particle physics and is essential for the structure ...

The use of atomic clocks could help bring cosmology and astrophysics "down to Earth" by allowing scientists to investigate the mysteries of dark energy and dark matter in the lab. When you purchase ...

Editor’s Note: Professor WERNER HEISENBERG, who was born in Duisburg in 1901, was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1932 for his work on the quantum theory. A member of the faculty of the ...

A long-standing law of thermodynamics turns out to have a loophole at the smallest scales. Researchers have shown that quantum engines made of correlated particles can exceed the traditional ...

For two centuries, students have learned that heat flows and engines work according to rigid limits that no machine can beat. Now a series of experiments at atomic and electronic scales is revealing ...

This has now paved the way for a multi-ion optical ytterbium clock that combines the high accuracy of single-ion clocks with ...

Photo: Niels Bohr's research notes for his new atomic theory Rutherford's find came from a very strange experience. Everyone at that time imagined the atom as a "plum pudding." That is, it was roughly ...

An obscure theory of elementary particles proved to be key to China’s re-emergence as a scientific nation after the Cultural Revolution had stalled its development. Robert P Crease finds out more from ...

Delve into the detail of atomic physics. As the basic units of matter, atoms are the building blocks for everything in the universe. Once thought to be indivisible, we now know they can indeed be ...