Paul Kaplan: Quoting Benjamin Disraeli, Mark Twain famously quipped, "There are three kinds of lies: lies, damned lies, and statistics." In the field of investments, in which we rely heavily on ...
Recent announcements by the US Government linking paracetamol use during pregnancy to autism in offspring highlight the risks of misinterpreting observational research to inform policy; this is a ...
In the first case, there is a strong upward-sloping relationship between X and Y; in the second case, no apparent relationship; in the third case, a strong downward-sloping relationship. Note the ...