X-ray diffraction (XRD) is a powerful non-destructive analytical technique used to evaluate crystalline materials and determine their structural properties. As one of the most widely used ...

X-Ray diffraction (XRD) is a prevalent analytical technique in the industrial analysis of cement-based materials, playing a crucial role in the construction industry where cement is utilized to ...

XRD works by directing X-rays onto a crystalline material and analyzing the angles and intensities of the diffracted beams. The atomic planes within the crystal act as a three-dimensional grating, ...

This article analyzes lithium carbonate (Li ₂ CO ₃) extracted from salars using X-Ray diffraction (XRD). Salars, which are salt flats or salt pans, are sources of lithium, where Li ₂ CO ₃ or LiOH is ...

The global oil trade is a complex and highly lucrative industry that relies on accurate analysis of crude oil samples. Ensuring the quality, origin, and authenticity of oil samples is crucial for ...

Nanomaterials are used in various fields due to their distinct size-dependent properties, and accurate characterization is essential to optimize and design them for specific applications. 1 For ...

X-rays, a type of electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths from 0.01 to 10 nanometers, pack enough energy to pierce materials and interact with inner-shell electrons. 1 When they hit a sample, ...