When you create an algorithm, you need to include precise, step-by-step instructions. This means you will need to break down the task or problem into smaller steps. We call this process decomposition.

Abstract: In this paper, a new bio-inspired metaheuristic algorithm called Zebra Optimization Algorithm (ZOA) is developed; its fundamental inspiration is the behavior of zebras in nature. ZOA ...

Abstract: Cryptographic techniques are reviewed in this literature review, with particular attention paid to their applicability, importance, contributions, and field strengths. These algorithms ...